literature Review

The review process includes 5 stages:

1. Developing the research question
2. Developing the search
3. Selection/screening of articles
4. Appraisal of articles
5. Synthesis, writing and publishing

1. The first stage in a review is the development of the research question. The research question accurately and succinctly sums up the review's line of inquiry. First, you need to search frameworks for your review. Then, search for existing reviews. Similar reviews can help with identifying your search terms, and information on your topic. Finally, get specific information on how to perform a review in your field of study by referring to guidelines.

2. When you had developed the research question, you can begin searching. The search process includes the following aspects:

• formulating a search strategy
• identifying search terms
• selecting sources to search
• documenting the search strategy
• staying up to date with search results

3. Begin the screening process by screening titles and abstracts.  Then you will need the full text of an article for more detailed screening.

You should consider:

• appropriate study population (age, geography, illness)
• appropriate intervention/method/measurements
• comparable environment/ population 
• language - can the article be sourced/translated in the language required?

When reviewing the full text of the article, consider:

• appropriate method/measurement
• appropriate sample size
• duplication of data  (avoid counting the same data twice)
• access to data not included in the article if required

4. Critical appraisal tools will help you to check the validity and accuracy of article information. Also, it explains Reporting Guidelines which assist in performing a study according to best practice guidelines. On this web site you can see examples of guidelines on different topics: The Equator Network.

5. The way a review article is written can differ depending on the audience, discipline and type of review. Two of the best known guides available to assist with this process are:

• Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions
• Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Reviewers Manual

These guides relate to systematic reviews written to the specific Cochrane or JBI style. These review styles are typically considered to be at a higher standard.

Considering your audience and publication priorities are an important part of developing a publication strategy for your review. You also should:

• Develop a publishing plan
• Evaluate quality
• Consider open access options
• Manage your digital identity
• Communicate your research

Always remember to follow author guidelines when you submit your manuscripts.

Visit deakin.libguides.com/systematicreview for more information.

Journal Article Summary

In the article “Teaching Learners to Communicate Effectively in the L2.Integrating body language in the students’ syllabus” (http://siba-ese.unisalento.it/index.php/linguelinguaggi/article/download/15006/13467) written by Maria Grazia Busà the problem of body language is raised. The author says that in communication a great deal of meaning is exchanged through body language, including gaze, posture, hand gestures and body movements. She claims that the study of body language should be integrated in the syllabus of ESL/EFL teaching and learning. Then she gives several ways for doing it. First of all, it can be done by reviewing literature that shows the close connection between language, speech and gestures and the problems that might arise in cross-cultural communication when speakers use and interpret body language according to different conventions. Then, the author gives the example of two pilot studies which demonstrate that Language 2 learners tend to transfer Language 1 gestures to the Language 2 and that these are not understood by native Language 2 speakers. Further, she adds that the experience of teaching body language should be reported in an ESL/EFL classroom. Finally, Maria Grazia Busà concludes that language, speech and gestures are interconnected and to prepare learners to communicate language teaching should integrate body language to the program.

QUESTIONS:

In what languages the role of body language is most important?

Which of the methods of learning body language are most effective?

How many time should be allocated for body language studying in the syllabus?

Is It Important to Evaluate the Quality of Information on the Internet?

I think that it is very important to evaluate the quality of information on the internet because
this information is not regulated for quality or accuracy unlike, for example, the information in books or academic journals. That is why, it is particularly important for the individual internet user to evaluate the resource or information. We should always keep in mind that almost anyone can publish anything they wish on the internet and it is obvious that the information they publish is not 100% credible and correct. Also, it is often difficult to determine authorship of the internet sources, and even if the author is listed, he or she may not always represent him or herself honestly, or he or she may represent opinions as fact. Thus, taking everything said into account, we should be very attentive and careful while choosing the internet source of information.